Which estrogen hormone is common in non pregnant women

You may get a small bruise at the site. You can lower the chance of bruising by keeping pressure on the site for several minutes. In rare cases, the vein may become swollen after the blood sample is taken. This problem is called phlebitis.

You can use a warm compress several times a day to treat this. Results An estrogen test measures the level of the most important estrogen hormones estradiol, estriol, and estrone in a blood or urine sample. Normal For girls and women between puberty and menopause, estrogen levels vary throughout the menstrual cycle. High values High values may be caused by: Ovarian stimulation used to treat infertility for example, before in vitro fertilization. Cancer, such as cancer of the ovaries , testicles , or adrenal glands.

Serious liver disease cirrhosis. A pregnancy with more than one fetus, such as twins or triplets. Early puberty. Low values Low values may be caused by: Problems with ovarian function. This can be caused by a failure of an ovary to develop properly Turner's syndrome or because of a drop in pituitary gland activity.

Anorexia nervosa. A problem with the fetus or placenta during pregnancy. What Affects the Test You may not be able to have the test, or the results may not be helpful, if: You use hormone therapy after menopause. You use birth control pills, patches, or rings and other forms of hormonal birth control. Within 1 week before your test, you had a test that uses a radioactive substance, such as a bone scan. You use certain medicines, such as clomiphene or steroids for example, prednisone.

You have high levels of sugar in your urine caused by diabetes. What To Think About A blood test works better than a urine test to see how well the ovaries are working. Tests that measure blood levels of progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone are often used to study the problems that can affect fertility and the menstrual cycle. Progesterone Luteinizing Hormone Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In some cases, screening tests are done in the first trimester of pregnancy to look for Down syndrome.

The first trimester screening is often an ultrasound that measures the thickness of skin at the back of the fetus's neck nuchal translucency. It also includes a blood test for the pregnancy hormone hCG and a protein called pregnancy-associated plasma protein A. To learn more, see the topic Birth Defects Testing. The level of estriol in the blood is often used in a maternal serum triple or quadruple screening test.

Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures , 5th ed. Louis: Saunders. Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests , 4th ed. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. Estrogen Levels Test. What is an estrogen test? There are many types of estrogens, but only three types are commonly tested: Estrone, also called E1, is the main female hormone made by women after menopause.

Menopause is a time in a woman's life when her menstrual periods have stopped and she can't become pregnant anymore. It usually starts when a woman is around 50 years old.

Estradiol, also called E2, is the main female hormone made by nonpregnant women. Estriol, also called E3 is a hormone that increases during pregnancy. Other names: estradiol test, estrone E1 , estradiol E2 , estriol E3 , estrogenic hormone test. What is it used for? Estradiol tests or estrone tests are used to help: Find out the reason for early or late puberty in girls Find out the reason for late puberty in boys Diagnose menstrual problems Find out the cause of infertility the inability to get pregnant Monitor infertility treatments Monitor treatments for menopause Find tumors that make estrogen An estriol hormone test is used to: Help diagnose certain birth defects during pregnancy.

Monitor a high-risk pregnancy. Why do I need an estrogen test? You may be at a higher risk if you: Have a family history of birth defects Are age 35 or older Have diabetes Have a viral infection during pregnancy. What happens during an estrogen test? For a blood test: A health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. For a urine test: Your health care provider may ask you to collect all urine passed in a hour period.

A doctor can advise a person on whether estrogen therapy is suitable for them. In addition to menopause, estrogen therapy can also help resolve :. High levels of estrogen can increase the risk and progression of some types of breast cancer. Some hormone treatments block the action of estrogen as a way of slowing or stopping cancer development.

Hormonal therapy is not for everyone. A family history of breast cancer or thyroid issues may contradict using hormones. People who are unsure can speak to a doctor. A doctor can prescribe estrogen as part of the therapy for a person assigned male at birth who wishes to transition to female. The person may also need anti-androgenic treatment. Estrogen can help a person develop female secondary sexual characteristics, such as breasts, and reduce male pattern hair formation.

Estrogen therapy will be part of a broader treatment approach. A healthcare professional can advise the individual on the best course of treatment.

Some types prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation, and they do this by ensuring that hormone levels do not fluctuate throughout the month.

Other uses include decreasing premenstrual symptoms and reducing the severity of hormone-related acne. Oral birth control presents more risk for women who smoke or are over the age of 35 years. Long-term use may also lead to a higher risk of breast cancer. Some studies suggest that these may affect levels of estrogen in the body. However, there is not enough evidence to confirm this. Some people believe that foods containing phytoestrogens can help manage hot flashes and other effects of menopause, but this does not have scientific backing.

In addition, eating whole soy foods, for example, is unlikely to have the same effect as taking extracts from soy as a supplement. Tanner stage V adult should be reached by age Puberty onset transition from Tanner stage I to Tanner stage II occurs for girls at a median age of There is evidence that it may occur up to 1 year earlier in obese girls and in African American girls. Estradiol E2 levels below the premenopausal reference range in young females indicate hypogonadism. If luteinizing hormone LH and follicle-stimulating hormone FSH levels are elevated, primary gonadal failure is diagnosed.

The main causes are genetic eg, Turner syndrome, familial premature ovarian failure , autoimmune eg, autoimmune ovarian failure, possibly as part of autoimmune polyglandular endocrine failure syndrome type II , and toxic eg, related to chemotherapy or radiation therapy for malignant disease. It also can be caused by organic disease of the hypothalamus or pituitary.

Further work-up is usually necessary, typically including measurement of pituitary hormones particularly prolactin , and possibly imaging. Irregular or absent menstrual periods with normal or high E2 levels and often high estrone: E1 levels are indicative of possible polycystic ovarian syndrome, androgen producing tumors, or estrogen producing tumors.

Further work-up is required and usually includes measurement of total and bioavailable testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate , sex hormone-binding globulin, and possibly imaging.

E2 analysis may be helpful in establishing time of ovulation and optimal time for conception. Optimal time for conception is within 48 to 72 hours following the midcycle E2 peak.

Low baseline levels and a lack of rise, as well as persistent high levels without midcycle rise are indicative of anovulatory cycles. Estrogen replacement in reproductive age women should aim to mimic natural estrogen levels as closely as possible. The current recommendations for postmenopausal female hormone replacement are to administer therapy in the smallest beneficial doses for as briefly as possible.

Ideally, E2 and E1 levels should be held below, or near, the lower limit of the premenopausal female reference range. Postmenopausal women and older men in the lowest quartile of E2 levels are at increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Antiestrogen therapy with central or peripheral acting agents that are not pure receptor antagonists usually aims for complete suppression of E2 production, and in the case of aromatase inhibitors, complete E1 and E2 suppression. Gynecomastia or other signs of feminization in males may be due to an absolute or relative in relation to androgens surplus of estrogens.

Gynecomastia is common during puberty in boys.